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Labor cardinal movements3/6/2024 Approximately 2/3 of vertex presentation are in the left occiput position, an done third in the right.In shoulder presentation, the acromion is the portion of the fetus arbitrary chosen for orientation with the maternal pelvis. The fetal occiput, chin, and sacrum are the determining points in vertex, face and breech presentations.LO, RO, LM, RM, LS and RSA, T, P.Convex meaning the fetus is folded or bent on itself, in such that the shin is touching the chest and the thighs are flexed over the abdomen, and the umbilical cord lies in the space between them.Concave occurs as the fetal head becomes progressively more extended from the vertex to the face presentation.If the fetus is breech in presentation, the fetus often changes polarity to make us of the roomier fundus for its bulkier and more mobile podalic pole (breech).Incidence of breech presentation decreases with gestational age:25% at 28weeks17% at 30weeks11% at 32 weeks3% at termComplete Breech – the lower extremities are flexed at the hip, and wither one of both knees are flexedFrank Breech – the lower extremities are flexed at the hips and extended at the kneesFootling Presentation – a presentation wherein one of both feet are below the breech.The posterior (occipital) fontanel is the presenting part.Face Presentation- Fetal neck is sharply extended to that the occiput and back come in contact.Sinciput (Military) Presentation- midway between vertex and face, the anterior (bregma) fontanel is the presenting part.Brow Presentation – the head is partially extended. The cephalic presentation is classified according to the relationship between the head and body of the fetus.Vertex or Occiput Presentation – Head is flexed sharply so that the chin is in contact with the thorax.Intro: At the onset of labor, the position of the fetus with respect to the birth canal is critical to the route of delivery and thus should be determined in early labor.It may either be any of the 3:Longitudinal lie is seen in 99% of pregnanciesPredisposition to transverse lie include multiparity, placenta previa, hydamios and uterine animaliesOblique lie is when the fetal and maternal axes may cross at a 45degree angle, it is unstable and becomes either longitudinal or transverse during labor.Intro: At the onset of labor, the position of the fetus with respect to the birth canal is critical to the route of delivery and thus should be determined in early labor.
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